Table 4 Immunization trials against Taenia multiceps coenurosis

Lambs 4–8 weeks old

6

TmAO

SC, 1

2000

35

138

1

Activated oncospheres provide some degree of protection. Insignificant variations between these 4 groups in number of infected lambs, those with

evidence of infection or in numbers of coenuri. Prior exposure of these lambs to T. multiceps was suggested

[40]

5

ThAO

SC, 1

2000

35

138

3

6

Cf

SC, 1

2000

35

138

2

6

Control

–

2000

35

138

3

Lambs 4–8 weeks old

5

OA

IM, 1

2000

25

146

1

Significant protection in lambs vaccinated with oncosphere-derived antigens

5

Control

–

2000

25

146

5

Sheep 3–7 months old

3

OSA

2 (2 weeks)

6000

14

33

0

Degenerate lesions in various organs occurred in all the controls and only in one vaccinated animal

[41]

3

Control

–

6000

14

33

3

Lambs 4 months old

30

OSA

2 (2 weeks)

5000

14

36–38

5

The majority of animals in the vaccinated group had degenerate lesions in the liver

11

Control

–

5000

14

36–38

8

Lambs 4–6 months

9

OSA

SC, 1

5000

42

90

4^†

2 doses 2 weeks apart are sufficient for lambs to develop complete resistance against coenurosis

10

OSA

SC, 2 (2 weeks)

5000

42

90

0

10

FD-OSA

SC, 2 (2 weeks)

5000

42

90

0

10

Control

–

5000

42

90

8

Lambs 1–2 months

43

OSA

SC, 2 (4 weeks)

4600

140

81–96

2

Lambs from vaccinated mothers with 2 OSA doses 90 and 120 days of pregnancy

24

Control

–

4600

140

81–96

13

Lambs 3–4 months

42

OSA

SC, 2 (4 weeks)

4600

80

81–96

2

Lambs from unvaccinated mothers

18

Control

–

4600

80

81–96

9

Sheep 3–4 months

7

rTm16

SC, 3 (2 weeks)

5500

42

120

3

Number of coenuri in rTm18 vaccinated group was not significantly different compared to the controls. Vaccination with rTm16 and/or rTm18 affected the location of coenuri. The number of coenuri detected in the parieto-occipital regions was significantly higher in the controls when compared to the vaccinated sheep. The seroconversion occurred at the time of vaccination. Sheep vaccinated with rTm18 induced a relatively low titer of specific antibody. No significant correlation between the number of parasites detected in vaccinated animals and the titer to rTm16 or rTm18

[45]

7

rTm18

5500

42

120

3

7

rTm16 and rTm18

5500

42

120

3

9

Control

–

5500

42

120

9^††

Goats 3–4 months old

10

rTm16

^#SC, 3

5500

^$14

105

3

Goats vaccinated with coupled rTm16 and rTm18 displayed complete resistance against cerebral coenurosis. Goats in the vaccinated groups developed a few non-cerebral coenuri

[46]

11

rTm-GST

^#SC, 3

5500

^$14

105

2

13

rTM16 and rTm-GST

^#SC, 3

5500

^$14

105

0

10

Control

–

5500

^$14

105

7

Lambs 10–12 weeks old

208

Recombinant Tm18

SC, 2 (2–4 weeks)

–

–

–

1

See comment in the text

[47]

424

Controls

–

–

–

–

32

Sheep 6 months old

8

Protoscolex cellular metabolite antigen

IM, 2 (3 weeks)

–

–

–

–

The antibody titer (tested by iELISA) increased by 3.4–9.9 times after 1st dose, and by 6.3–12 after 2nd dose. No changes occurred in sera of the controls

[66]

8

Control

–

–

–

–

–

Lambs 2–3 months old

16

2-day-old culture of T. multiceps

2 (10 days)

Nat

30

NS

4

–

[67]

16

Control

–

16

Sheep

6

R45M

4 (3 weeks)

5000

^$105

14

NS

Vaccinated group had 68.9% reduction in the coenuri numbers compared to controls. Levels of IgG in sera of immune group were significantly higher than those of control

[68]

6

Control

–

5000

^$105

14

NS