Fig. 3
From: Leucinostatins from fungal extracts block malaria transmission to mosquitoes
Isolation of active fractions through chromatography. a Outline of the isolation procedure. b Pre-exposure of fractions by the spray assays (10 mg/m2) to mosquitoes affected P. falciparum infection differently. c When the spray concentration was reduced to 5 mg/m2, only fraction F4 was able to reduce the oocyst density in the midgut significantly compared with the control (P = 0.0001). d Fraction F4 was purified with semi-preparative HPLC using a gradient solvent of acetonitrile and water (0.2% TFA) from 10% to 100% acetonitrile in 35 min. The eluted fractions based on the different retention times were collected and named SF-1 to SF-3, respectively. e The malaria-blocking activity of fractions (5 mg/m2). ns not significant; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005, ***P < 0.0001. In b, c, and e N: # of mosquitoes; mean average number of oocysts/midgut, inf(%) percentage of infected mosquitoes