Fig. 6

Correlation analysis of differentially abundant metabolites and network analysis for the CE and control groups. a Visual representation of metabolite abundance utilizes a color-coded system, where metabolites are depicted as dots. Bright red dots signify significantly upregulated metabolites, while bright blue dots indicate significantly downregulated metabolites. Additionally, metabolic pathways are outlined by green boxes, and directional flow of metabolic reactions is illustrated by connecting lines. b Red dots represent a metabolic pathway, yellow dots represent information on a substance-associated regulatory enzyme, green dots illustrate a background substance for a metabolic pathway, purple dots represent information on the molecular modules of a class of substances, blue dots show chemical interactions of a substance, and green squares represent differential substances obtained from this comparison