Fig. 3

Population analysis results of the clone-corrected microsatellite dataset (n = 554 MLGs) of F. hepatica from Germany using the STRUCTURE software. The Evanno method [69] was applied for identifying the most likely number of populations (K) with a plot for mean L(K) (± standard deviation [SD]) over each run for each K value (A) and the ΔK plot (B). A tree plot for the most likely number of populations (K = 3) was created to visualize distances between the clusters (C). The bar plot shows the genetic heritage for each fluke (admixture heritage model) for K = 3 (D). The farms of origin are labelled, except for farm L, from which only one fluke was examined